Please use the Harvard (Cite Them Right) conventions as outlined in Pears, R. and Shields, G. (2022) Cite Them Right: The Essential Referencing Guide. 12th edn. London: Bloomsbury Study Skills. Available at: https://www.citethemrightonline.com/.
The examples below are for brief guidance on in-text citation and compiling reference lists.
In-text citation should be as follows:
It has been demonstrated (Cirstea, 2022)…
OR: In his influential work on the matter, Hagyard (2010) argues…
OR: Some authors assert (Wilkins, 2009; Hayes, 2010)
Page numbers should only be included in a citation if the text includes a direct quotation or to indicate an idea is from a particular page (‘p.’) or pages (‘pp.’) of a work.
… those in the network ‘seeing the humanity in others, and being seen in return’ (Buckley, 2021, p.3)…
OR: … as evident from Cowan’s (2015, pp.15-16) discussion of unconditional acceptance.
In-text citation of sources with two or three authors.
El-Badri and Abu-baker (2021) argue…
OR: … indicating that students ‘should not be considered a homogenous group who are au fait with technology’ (Williams, Windle and Wharrad, 2020, p.9)
In-text citation of sources with four or more authors.
(we do not italicise et al.)
The evidence suggests (Smith et al., 2023) …
OR: Smith et al. (2023) provide a compelling discussion …
End-text reference lists and bibliographical information:
Electronic journal articles with DOI:
Coneyworth, L., Jessop, R., Maden, P. and White, G. (2020) ‘The overlooked cohort? – Improving the taught postgraduate student experience in higher education’, Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 57(3), pp.262–273. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2019.1617184.
Hilsdon, J. (2005) ‘Re-thinking reflection’, Journal of Practice Teaching in Health and Social Work, 6(1), pp.57-70. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1921/jpts.v6i1.322.
JLDHE articles:
Roberts, L. and Berry, J. (2023) ‘Should open-book, open-web exams replace traditional closed-book exams in STEM? An evaluation of their effectiveness in different disciplines’, Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education, 28, pp.1-39. Available at: https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.vi28.1030.
Books:
Lowe, T. (ed.) (2023) Advancing student engagement in higher education: Reflection, critique and challenge. London: Routledge.
Book chapters:
Newstead, S. E. and Hoskins, S. (1999) ‘Encouraging student motivation’, in H. Fry, S. Ketteridge and S. Marshall (eds.) A handbook for teaching and learning in higher education. London: Kogan Page, pp.70-82.
Online articles and blog posts:
McVitty, D. (2022) ‘Building back learning and teaching means changing assessment’, Wonkhe, 24 January. Available at: https://wonkhe.com/blogs/building-back-learning-and-teaching-means-changing-assessment/ (Accessed: 1 November 2023).
Conference papers:
Ridley, P. and Sinfield, S. (2010) ‘Making ideas visible – drawing as a tool for teaching, learning and research’, Celebrating partnerships in learning: 7th LDHEN Symposium. Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, 29-31 March.
Websites:
Universities UK (2023) How can universities prepare for the Higher Education (Freedom of Speech) Act? Available at: https://www.universitiesuk.ac.uk/what-we-do/policy-and-research/publications/how-can-universities-prepare-higher (Accessed: 30 October 2023).
Jiscmail posts:
Hilsdon, J. (2008) ‘Towards a brief definition of learning development’, LDHEN JISCmail list, 22 April. Available at: http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/ldhen.